Bose Einstein Condensate Explained in Simple Words

Bose Einstein condensate is considered the fifth state of matter - its obtained when gas particles are cooled to almost absolute zero temperature. To generate the Bose-Einstein condensate, the first step is to obtain a cloud of gas; a typical example is the gas of rubidium atoms. The next step is to use lasers to remove the atoms' energy and cool them down. An evaporative cooling method is utilized for further cooling until the atoms are close to absolute zero. At this stage, the atoms assume the same quantum states and operate as a single entity. If you were to measure their location at this point, you would observe a blurred ball, rather than individual atoms. Bose-Einstein Condensates (BECs) have various practical uses in precision measurement and sensing technologies, which have led to advancements in detecting gravitational waves, creating navigation systems, and improving magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In addition, BECs have been used to develop atom lasers, which hold great potential for the precise manipulation of atomic matter. This advancement has already aided research in quantum optics and lithography.