Can Math Explain How Animals Get Their Patterns?

Here are some handy keywords to get your googling started:

Reaction-diffusion system: A hypothetical system in which multiple chemical substances diffuse through a defined space at different rates and react with one another, thereby generating a pattern.

Turing pattern: A periodic pattern that forms in a space where the initial distribution of 'activator' and 'inhibitor' is the same.

Morphogenesis: The processes during development that give rise to the form or shape of the organism or a structure

Alan Turing: Alan Turing was a British mathematician and the father of modern computer science. During World War II, he broke Germany's Enigma code used to encrypt communications.